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Cleft and craniofacial conditions can arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. If a parent or relative has had either of these conditions, there is a higher risk due to . Environmental influences such as exposure to certain chemicals, drugs and alcohol, certain medication taken during pregnancy, nutritional deficiencies and lack of essential vitamins mostly folic acid before and during pregnancy can contribute to these conditions.
Preventive measures include regular prenatal care, a balanced diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals (especially folic acid) before and during pregnancy, and avoiding harmful substances like smoking and alcohol. Properly managing existing health conditions, consulting healthcare providers about safe medications, and minimizing exposure to environmental toxins are also important. For families with a history of cleft or craniofacial conditions, genetic counselling can provide valuable support and information. However, while these measures can significantly reduce the risk, they do not guarantee that cleft and craniofacial conditions will be completely avoided.
By Dr Mutio, Maxillofacial Consultant